↬ The diameter of a fixed choke shotgun may not be marked, so other methods for choke identification must be analyzed to deliver a precise measurement.
Fixed chokes can be found on many vintage shotguns and single shot break open firearms. These fixed choke shotguns, unlike their modern counterparts with interchangeable chokes, have a barrel that is permanently constricted to a specific choke size. Knowing how tell the diameter of a fixed choke shotgun is key to discovering the choke size.
Choke restriction significantly influences the shotgun’s pattern and performance, making it essential for shooters to understand how to identify the choke diameter. Luckily there are a few surefire ways to tell the choke restriction quickly and with great accuracy.
Understanding Fixed Choke Shotguns
Fixed choke shotguns have been around for generations, with various makes and models manufactured over the years. These shotguns are prized for their simplicity and reliability. They come with different choke sizes, such as full, modified, and improved cylinder, each serving a unique purpose in the field.
Determining Choke Diameter
Time needed: 15 minutes
If you own a fixed choke shotgun and want to identify the choke diameter, you have several options. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to do it:
- Check the Barrel Markings
Many fixed choke shotguns have choke information etched or stamped onto the barrel. Look for abbreviations like “F” for full choke, “M” for modified choke, and “IC” for improved cylinder.
- Use a Choke Gauge
Choke gauges, readily available at most popular retailers, are simple tools designed to measure choke constrictions. Insert the appropriate gauge into the muzzle, and it will indicate the choke size.
- Measure with Calipers
If you don’t have a choke gauge, you can use calipers to measure the inner diameter.
Follow these steps:
– Unload and ensure the shotgun is safe.
– Secure the barrel on a stable and level surface.
– Measure the inside diameter of the muzzle with the calipers.
Compare the measurement to a choke size chart to determine the choke constriction.
One of the best digital calipers for measuring choke tubes is the Mitutoyo 500. It measures 0 to 6 inches in 0.0005″ increments for precision use. - Consult a Gunsmith
If you’re unsure or want a professional opinion, consult a gunsmith. They have the tools and expertise to precisely measure the choke restriction. You can also have them deep clean the gun while it’s there.
- Pattern Testing
Another practical method is to pattern test your shotgun with different loads and distances. This will give you a practical understanding of how tight or open the choke is.
Types of shotguns with fixed choke tubes
Fixed choke tubes are permanent constriction barrels that do not allow the shooter to change the choke size. These choke tubes are typically found in older shotguns and some specific models of single shot shotguns. Here are a few examples:
Classic and Vintage Shotguns: Many classic and vintage shotguns, particularly those manufactured before the widespread use of interchangeable choke tubes, feature fixed chokes. These shotguns often have fixed choke barrels that were popular during their era.
Some Hunting Shotguns: Some hunting shotguns are still manufactured with fixed choke barrels, especially in older or more traditional models. These shotguns may have fixed chokes optimized for specific hunting scenarios.
Budget Shotguns: Some budget-friendly or entry-level shotguns may come with fixed chokes to keep production costs low. These shotguns are often used by beginners or for basic shooting purposes.
Specialized Shotguns: Certain specialized shotguns, like some over-and-under or side-by-side models used in competitive clay shooting, may have fixed chokes tailored to the specific discipline.
Collector’s Shotguns: Shotguns that are collected for their historical or collectible value may retain their original fixed choke barrels.
It’s important to note that while fixed choke shotguns have limitations in terms of choke versatility, they can still be effective for various shooting activities when the choke constriction matches the intended use. However, for shooters who require flexibility in choke selection for different shooting scenarios, modern shotguns with interchangeable choke tubes are a more popular choice.
Can fixed shotgun chokes be opened up?
Fixed choke shotguns can be modified to accept interchangeable choke tubes, but this process is typically performed by a skilled gunsmith and requires precision work. The modification involves reaming out the fixed choke constriction or threading the barrel to accept choke tubes. This allows the shooter to select different chokes for various shooting situations.
Here are a few important points to consider if you are thinking about opening the choke of a fixed choke shotgun.
Gunsmith Work: Converting a fixed choke shotgun to accept choke tubes should only be done by a qualified gunsmith with experience in this type of modification. Attempting to do it yourself can lead to damage or unsafe conditions.
Cost: The cost of modifying a fixed choke shotgun to accept choke tubes can vary depending on the gunsmith’s rates and the specific shotgun model. It may not be cost-effective for all shotguns, particularly older or less valuable ones.
Barrel Length: The length of the shotgun’s barrel may need to be reduced slightly so that choke tubes can be installed. Longer barrels provide more space for choke tube threads. Typically, several inches of barrel are needed to install a choke system, and thin-walled barrels may require more to find thickness suitable for installation.
Purpose: Consider whether the modification is necessary for your shooting needs. If you have a specific fixed choke that suits your purposes, there may be no need for conversion.
Resale Value: While modifying the fixed choke tube can enhance versatility, it’s essential to be aware that some collectors or buyers may prefer shotguns in their original, unaltered condition.
Before deciding to convert a fixed choke shotgun, consult with a qualified gunsmith to assess the feasibility, cost, and potential benefits of the modification. Additionally, check local firearm regulations and laws regarding shotgun modifications, as they can vary by region.
Bottom Line: Accurately determine choke restriction with calipers
Identifying the choke restriction on a fixed choke shotgun is a rather straight forward process. Whether you rely on barrel markings, specialized tools, or gunsmith expertise, knowing your choke size enhances your shooting accuracy and effectiveness.
Calipers are the quickest and most accurate way, along with bore size tools, to identify choke size on fixed choke shotguns. One of the best digital calipers for measuring choke tube sizes accurately is the Mitutoyo 500.
Taking the time to identify the choke size of your shotgun’s barrel is essential to it functioning effectively and safely in the field. If you’re unable to determine the size, take it to a reputable gunsmith to be examined more thoroughly.
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